Drivetime analyses, pgRouting

We’ve got some quick and dirty pgRouting-based code up on github. I say quick and dirty because it directly references the table names in both of the functions. I hope to fix this in the future.

The objective with this code is to input a point, use a nearest neighbor search to find the nearest intersection, and from that calculate a drive time alpha shape.

First, the nearest neighbor search:

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION pgr.nn_search (geom geometry) RETURNS
int8 AS $$

SELECT id FROM pgr.roads_500_vertices_pgr AS r
ORDER BY geom <#> r.the_geom
LIMIT 1;

$$ LANGUAGE SQL VOLATILE;

This function takes one argument– pass it a point geometry, and it will do a knn search for the nearest point. Since we are leveraging pgRouting, it simply returns the id of the nearest intersection point. We wrote this as a function in order to run it, e.g. on all the points in a table. As I stated earlier, it directly references a table name, which is a little hackerish, but we’ll patch that faux pax later.

Now that we have the ID of the point in question, we can do a driving distance calculation, wrap that up in an alpha shape, and return our polygon. Again, we write this as a function:

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION pgr.alpha_shape (id integer, minutes integer) RETURNS
geometry AS $$

WITH alphashape AS(SELECT pgr_alphaShape('WITH
DD AS (
SELECT seq, id1 AS node, cost
FROM pgr_drivingDistance(''SELECT id, source, target, cost FROM pgr.roads_500'',' || id || ', ' || minutes || ', false, false)),
dd_points AS (
SELECT id_ AS id, x, y
FROM pgr.roads_500_vertices_pgr v, DD d
WHERE v.id = d.node)
SELECT * FROM dd_points')),

alphapoints AS (
SELECT ST_Makepoint((pgr_alphashape).x, (pgr_alphashape).y) FROM alphashape),

alphaline AS (
SELECT ST_MakeLine(ST_MakePoint) FROM alphapoints)

SELECT ST_MakePolygon(ST_AddPoint(ST_MakeLine, ST_StartPoint(ST_MakeLine))) AS the_geom FROM alphaline

$$ LANGUAGE SQL VOLATILE;

Finally, we’ll use these functions in conjunction with a set of park feature access points to map our our 5-minute drive time. Overlaps in 5-minute zones we’ve rendered as a brighter green in the image above.

CREATE TABLE pgr.alpha_test AS
WITH dest_ids AS (
SELECT pgr.nn_search(the_geom) AS id FROM pgr.dest_pts
)
SELECT pgr.alpha_shape(id::int, 5)::geometry, id FROM dest_ids;

Oh, and I should point out that for the driving distance calculation, we have pre-calculated the costs of the roads based on the speed limit, so cost is really travel time in minutes.